Piano Sonata No.21 in C major, Beethoven

 -Piano Sonata No.21 in C major , Beethoven-


The Piano Sonata No.21 in C major, Op.53, known as the Waldstein, is one of the three most notable sonatas of his middle period.


It was completed in summer, 1804, and surpassed in Beethoven's previous Piano sonatas. 


Thus, as a key early work of Beethoven's heroic decade, The Waldstein set a standard for the piano composition in grand manner.


The name of this Sonata was derived from his dedication to his close friend and patron : Count Ferdinand Ernst Gabriel von Baldstein.




Structure


The Waldstein has three movements :


1. Allegro con brio (in C major)

2. Introduzione : Adagio Molto (in F major)

3. Rondo. Allegretto moderato - Prestissimo (in C major)


First, The first movement is in Sonata form and common time. It has a repeated exposition with two subject groups , a development section, a coda, etc. 


Also, the movement opens with repeated pianissimo chords in a straightforward but anxious rhythm.


Next, the second movement (introduzione) is a short Adagio in 6/8 time that serves as an introduction to the third movement. 


This movement replaced an earlier , longer middle movement. Also, The part is more agitated before calming down to the transition into the rondo third movement


In finally, the rondo begins with a pianissimo melody that played with crossed hands.


After a virtuosic presstissimo coda, it ends in triumphant rush of grandeur.


Link: Piano Sonata No.21 in C major, Beethoven


Reference: 


1. Rosen, Charles (2002). Beethoven's Piano Sonatas: A Short Companion. Vol. 1. Yale University Press


2. Tarasti, Eero (1991). "Beethoven's Waldstein and the Generative Course". Indiana Theory Review


3.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piano_Sonata_No._21_(Beethoven)

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